{"id":2000,"date":"2011-10-05T08:02:46","date_gmt":"2011-10-05T06:02:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.tugtowing.cz\/?p=2000"},"modified":"2011-10-05T08:02:46","modified_gmt":"2011-10-05T06:02:46","slug":"skola-plavby-4-dil-plavebni-kanal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tugtowing.cz\/?p=2000","title":{"rendered":"\u0160kola plavby – 4.d\u00edl – plavebn\u00ed kan\u00e1l"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"ttc01-018-j\"<\/a>Tento d\u00edl budeme v\u011bnovat proplouv\u00e1n\u00ed plavebn\u00edho kan\u00e1lu<\/strong>. Zd\u00e1nliv\u011b jednoduch\u00e1 p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eka. Ov\u0161em jej\u00ed proplut\u00ed skr\u00fdv\u00e1 mnoh\u00e1 \u00faskal\u00ed. Pokud je nezvl\u00e1dnete, trestn\u00e9 bod\u00edky za doteky v\u00e1s neminou. Plavebn\u00ed kan\u00e1l m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd a nebo jednou \u010di v\u00edcekr\u00e1t lomen\u00fd. Projektant trat\u011b jej navrhne zpravidla co neju\u017e\u0161\u00ed, aby v\u00e1m proplut\u00ed co nejv\u00edce znep\u0159\u00edjemnil.<\/p>\n

N\u00e1jezd do plavebn\u00edho kan\u00e1lu<\/strong>
\nAby proplut\u00ed kan\u00e1lu bylo co nejleh\u010d\u00ed, je t\u0159eba dodr\u017eet n\u011bkolik z\u00e1sad. Prvn\u00ed a nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed<\/strong> je m\u00edt vlek neust\u00e1le pod kontrolou. To znamen\u00e1 m\u00edt napnut\u00e1 vle\u010dn\u00e1 lana. Pokud je remork\u00e9r vybaven funk\u010dn\u00edm navij\u00e1kem, je dobr\u00e9 si vle\u010dn\u00e9 lano trochu zkr\u00e1tit. Na dlouh\u00e9m lan\u011b je vlek V<\/strong> h\u016f\u0159e ovladateln\u00fd. Do plavebn\u00edho kan\u00e1lu vplouv\u00e1me se soulod\u00edm, kter\u00e9 je ust\u00e1len\u00e9 a cel\u00e9 soulod\u00ed je v z\u00e1krytu. Vlek V<\/strong> netancuje ze strany na stranu, nep\u0159et\u00e1\u010d\u00ed se apod. Druhou hlavn\u00ed z\u00e1sadou je, \u017ee \u010deln\u00ed remork\u00e9r R1<\/strong> nesm\u00ed b\u011bhem proplouv\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1hle zastavit! To znamen\u00e1 okam\u017eitou ztr\u00e1tu kontroly nad vlekem V<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

\"20\"<\/a>
\nProplut\u00ed plavebn\u00edho kan\u00e1lu<\/em><\/p>\n

Do plavebn\u00edho kan\u00e1lu se sna\u017e\u00edme vplouvat stejnou rychlost\u00ed jakou jej chceme cel\u00fd proplout. Vol\u00edme ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed rychlost plavby. V plavebn\u00edm kan\u00e1le je jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed zrychlit ne\u017e brzdit. Zadn\u00ed remork\u00e9r R2<\/strong> m\u016f\u017ee velice jemn\u011b plout na zp\u011btn\u00fd chod a t\u00edm udr\u017eovat napnut\u00e1 vle\u010dn\u00e1 lana. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b \u017ee R1<\/strong> sn\u00ed\u017e\u00ed rychlost plavby, R2<\/strong> tak udr\u017e\u00ed vle\u010dn\u00e1 lana napnut\u00e1. Nesm\u00ed se to ov\u0161em p\u0159eh\u00e1n\u011bt!<\/p>\n

Proplut\u00ed a opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed plavebn\u00edho kan\u00e1lu<\/strong>
\nB\u011bhem plavby v kan\u00e1le se sna\u017e\u00edme udr\u017eovat konstantn\u00ed rychlost. \u010celn\u00ed remork\u00e9r R1<\/strong> pluje v ose kan\u00e1lu, zadn\u00ed remork\u00e9r R2<\/strong> prov\u00e1d\u00ed korekce dr\u00e1hy vleku.<\/p>\n

\"21\"<\/a>
\nObrat p\u0159i opou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed plavebn\u00edho kan\u00e1lu<\/em><\/p>\n

P\u0159i vyplouv\u00e1n\u00ed z kan\u00e1lu je dobr\u00e9 udr\u017eovat p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd kurs minim\u00e1ln\u011b do doby, ne\u017e cel\u00fd vlek V<\/strong> opust\u00ed plavebn\u00ed kan\u00e1l. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee je pot\u0159eba zah\u00e1jit obrat ji\u017e v plavebn\u00edm kan\u00e1le, je pot\u0159eba se \u0159\u00eddit stejn\u00fdmi pravidly jako p\u0159i obratu v brance<\/a>. T\u011b\u017ei\u0161t\u011b vleku V Th<\/strong> mus\u00ed b\u00fdt za bodem obratu a zadn\u00ed remork\u00e9r R2<\/strong> mus\u00ed korigovat dr\u00e1hu V<\/strong> tak aby se jeho z\u00e1\u010f nedotkla vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho vjezdov\u00e9ho maj\u00e1ku a st\u0159ed vleku vnit\u0159n\u00edho (vzhledem ke sm\u011bru obratu).<\/p>\n

Probl\u00e9my p\u0159i proplouv\u00e1n\u00ed plavebn\u00edho kan\u00e1lu<\/strong>
\nPrvn\u00ed probl\u00e9m<\/strong> m\u016f\u017ee nastat p\u0159i vplouv\u00e1n\u00ed do plavebn\u00edho kan\u00e1lu. Soulod\u00ed nepluje v jedn\u00e9 ose. \u010celn\u00ed R1<\/strong> pluje spr\u00e1vn\u011b na st\u0159ed kan\u00e1lu, ale vlek V<\/strong>, kter\u00fd pluje p\u0159\u00edmo, je mimo osu plavebn\u00edho kan\u00e1lu. Je to p\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e1 situace. Vlek V<\/strong> ne a ne do z\u00e1krytu za R1<\/strong>. Snaha o korekci dr\u00e1hy pomoc\u00ed R2<\/strong>, \u010dasto situaci paradoxn\u011b zhor\u0161\u00ed. Kdy\u017e pomineme pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed vlivy, tak to zp\u016fsobuje \u010deln\u00ed remork\u00e9r R1<\/strong>. Proud vody, kter\u00fd vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed jeho hnac\u00ed lodn\u00ed \u0161rouby, nedovol\u00ed vleku splout do z\u00e1krytu za R1<\/strong>. Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed tahu je \u0161patn\u00e1 reakce. Naopak pom\u016f\u017ee sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed rychlosti R1<\/strong>, ale R2<\/strong> mus\u00ed b\u00fdt p\u0159ipraven a vlek V<\/strong> p\u0159ibrzdit. Pozor na v\u00fdraznou ztr\u00e1tu rychlosti! N\u011bkdy je lep\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1jezd p\u0159eru\u0161it a pokusit se o n\u011bj znovu. K vyosen\u00ed vleku V<\/strong> dojde nej\u010dast\u011bji p\u0159i obratu, kdy je obrat p\u0159eto\u010den\u00fd nebo naopak nedoto\u010den\u00fd.<\/p>\n

\"22\"<\/a>
\nVyosen\u00e9 soulod\u00ed p\u0159i vplouv\u00e1n\u00ed do PK<\/em><\/p>\n

Druh\u00fdm probl\u00e9mem<\/strong> b\u00fdv\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edli\u0161n\u00e9 p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed se k jedn\u00e9 stran\u011b plavebn\u00edho kan\u00e1lu. V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b plat\u00ed jedin\u00e9. Zachovat klid a pokusit se proplout plavebn\u00ed kan\u00e1l p\u0159i jedn\u00e9 stran\u011b. P\u0159i snaze dostat soulod\u00ed op\u011bt do st\u0159edu plavebn\u00edho kan\u00e1lu v\u011bt\u0161inou vede k dotyku.<\/p>\n

\"23\"<\/a>
\nproplouv\u00e1n\u00ed bl\u00edzko jedn\u00e9 strany PK<\/em><\/p>\n

V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee se o korekci pokus\u00edte, mus\u00ed ji ud\u011blat nejd\u0159\u00edve R2<\/strong>! Na zp\u011btn\u00fd chod se sna\u017e\u00ed dostat z\u00e1\u010f vleku V<\/strong> na st\u0159ed kan\u00e1lu. \u010celn\u00ed R1<\/strong> adekv\u00e1tn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed tah, aby nedo\u0161lo k v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 ztr\u00e1t\u011b rychlosti a sou\u010dasn\u011b t\u00edm posune bod obratu na p\u0159\u00ed\u010f vleku. R1<\/strong> by se m\u011bl p\u0159idr\u017eet sv\u00e9ho kursu dokud z\u00e1\u010f vleku V<\/strong> nebude zp\u011bt v ose kan\u00e1lu, teprve potom se bude sna\u017eit do osy kan\u00e1lu dostat i p\u0159\u00ed\u010f vleku V<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

\"26\"<\/a>
\nKorekce kursu vleku v plavebn\u00edm kan\u00e1le<\/em><\/p>\n

Lze to ud\u011blat i obr\u00e1cen\u011b, kdy R1<\/strong> st\u00e1hne p\u0159\u00ed\u010f V<\/strong> na st\u0159ed kan\u00e1lu a R2<\/strong> na zp\u011btn\u00fd chod odd\u00e1l\u00ed z\u00e1\u010f V<\/strong> od st\u011bny plavebn\u00edho kan\u00e1lu. Je zde ov\u0161em riziko, \u017ee p\u0159i necitliv\u00e9m man\u00e9vrov\u00e1n\u00ed proud vody od R1<\/strong> bu\u010f nepust\u00ed vlek na st\u0159ed plavebn\u00edho kan\u00e1lu a nebo p\u0159\u00ed\u010f p\u0159ekmitne za osu a hned je tu probl\u00e9m dal\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\"27\"<\/a>
\nNebezpe\u010d\u00ed p\u0159eto\u010den\u00ed vleku<\/em><\/p>\n

T\u0159et\u00ed probl\u00e9m<\/strong> a nejhor\u0161\u00ed situace nastane, kdy\u017e se \u010deln\u00ed R1<\/strong> doslova „p\u0159ilep\u00ed“<\/em> na st\u011bnu plavebn\u00edho kan\u00e1lu. Znamen\u00e1 to dotek, ale i velk\u00e9 nebezpe\u010d\u00ed, \u017ee pokud se ihned „neodlep\u00ed“<\/em> st\u00e1hne na st\u011bnu plavebn\u00edho kan\u00e1lu i vlek V<\/strong>. R2<\/strong> by m\u011bl okam\u017eit\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eit rychlost plavby V<\/strong> na minimum, ale ne k zastaven\u00ed! R1<\/strong> za\u0159ad\u00ed rychle zp\u011btn\u00fd chod, aby odtrhl z\u00e1\u010f od st\u011bny plavebn\u00edho kan\u00e1lu a hodn\u011b uvolnil vle\u010dn\u00e9 lano. Vz\u00e1p\u011bt\u00ed na to plnou silou vp\u0159ed zm\u011bn\u00ed kurs ke st\u0159edu kan\u00e1lu. Pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b to s vlekem \u0161kubne a chvilku se dostane mimo kontrolu, ale k dotyku doj\u00edt nemus\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\"24\"<\/a>
\nSituace, kdy R1 se p\u0159ilepil<\/em><\/p>\n

V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee se „p\u0159ilep\u00ed“<\/em> R2<\/strong>, je nejlep\u0161\u00edm \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm nechat proplut\u00ed \u010dist\u011b na R1<\/strong>. R2<\/strong> zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed rychlost plavby tak, aby povolil svoje vle\u010dn\u00e9 lano a n\u00e1sledn\u011b plul stejn\u011b rychle jako soulod\u00ed. T\u00edm p\u0159estane ovliv\u0148ovat V<\/strong> a ten propluje plavebn\u00ed kan\u00e1l bez dotyku.<\/p>\n

\"25\"<\/a>
\nSituace, kdy R2 se p\u0159ilepil<\/em><\/p>\n

Pokud je plavebn\u00ed kan\u00e1l zlomen\u00fd<\/strong>, je pot\u0159eba si pohl\u00eddat bod obratu<\/a> vleku V<\/strong>. Obrat prov\u00e1d\u00edme maxim\u00e1ln\u011b plynule <\/strong>a R2<\/strong> mus\u00edm v\u010dasn\u00fdm zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00edm tahu na zp\u011btn\u00fd chod zastavit ot\u00e1\u010den\u00ed vleku V<\/strong>, aby nedo\u0161lo k jeho p\u0159eto\u010den\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\"28\"<\/a>
\nProplouv\u00e1n\u00ed lomen\u00e9ho PK<\/em><\/p>\n

Nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 popsat v\u0161echny situace, kter\u00e9 p\u0159i proplouv\u00e1n\u00ed plavebn\u00edho kan\u00e1lu mohu nastat a jak na n\u011b reagovat. Ob\u010das se poda\u0159\u00ed man\u00e9vry, nad kter\u00fdmi se podiv\u00ed v\u0161ichni p\u0159ihl\u00ed\u017eej\u00edc\u00ed. N\u011bkdy pom\u016f\u017ee uplatnit ve\u0161ker\u00fd v\u00fdkon remork\u00e9r\u016f podle hesla „kdy\u017e to nejde silou, zkus to je\u0161t\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed silou“<\/em>. Hodn\u011b z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na schopnostech a zku\u0161enosti kapit\u00e1n\u016f. P\u0159i uv\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed \u201ez\u00e1\u010f-z\u00e1\u010f\u201c se bude soulod\u00ed chovat tak\u00e9 trochu jinak a i reakce budou odli\u0161n\u00e9. N\u011bkdy nepom\u016f\u017ee v\u016fbec nic \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n

Pro \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 proplut\u00ed plavebn\u00edho kan\u00e1lu plat\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b jedna z\u00e1sada<\/strong>, na kterou v t\u00e9to \u0161kole upozor\u0148ujeme neust\u00e1le. Oba kapit\u00e1ni se p\u0159edem domluv\u00ed<\/strong> jak plavebn\u00ed kan\u00e1l propluj\u00ed a b\u011bhem n\u00e1jezdu a proplouv\u00e1n\u00ed spolu nest\u00e1le komunikuj\u00ed<\/strong> a domlouvaj\u00ed se na korekc\u00edch plavebn\u00ed dr\u00e1hy vleku V<\/strong>. Je to opravdu z\u00e1klad \u00fasp\u011bchu.<\/p>\n

V dal\u0161\u00edm d\u00edle si rozebereme p\u0159ist\u00e1vac\u00ed man\u00e9vr.<\/p>\n

Pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed \u2026<\/em><\/p>\n

Keba<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tento d\u00edl budeme v\u011bnovat proplouv\u00e1n\u00ed plavebn\u00edho kan\u00e1lu. Zd\u00e1nliv\u011b jednoduch\u00e1 p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eka. Ov\u0161em jej\u00ed proplut\u00ed skr\u00fdv\u00e1 mnoh\u00e1 \u00faskal\u00ed. Pokud je nezvl\u00e1dnete, trestn\u00e9 bod\u00edky za doteky v\u00e1s neminou. Plavebn\u00ed kan\u00e1l m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd a nebo jednou \u010di v\u00edcekr\u00e1t lomen\u00fd. Projektant trat\u011b jej navrhne zpravidla co neju\u017e\u0161\u00ed, aby v\u00e1m proplut\u00ed co nejv\u00edce znep\u0159\u00edjemnil.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[40],"tags":[143,34],"class_list":["post-2000","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-skola","tag-plavba","tag-serial"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tugtowing.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2000","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tugtowing.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tugtowing.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tugtowing.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tugtowing.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2000"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.tugtowing.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2000\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tugtowing.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2000"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tugtowing.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2000"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tugtowing.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2000"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}